The Unseen Battle: Emotional and Mental Health Challenges in Cancer

May is Mental Health Awareness Month, and we’re taking this opportunity to focus on the connection between cancer and mental health.

When most people hear the word “cancer,” they think of treatments, tests, and procedures. However, the emotional toll a cancer diagnosis has on those affected, as well as their loved ones, is sometimes underestimated. In this blog, we will look at the emotional side of cancer, the mental health challenges patients and caregivers may encounter, and the professional and practical strategies that can help individuals cope with the emotional experience of their cancer journey.

Use the outline to jump directly to specific sections:

1. The Emotional Impact of a Cancer Diagnosis
2. Common Feelings Patients Face
3. The Emotional Rollercoaster of the Cancer Journey
   • Diagnosis: Facing the News No One Wants to Hear
   • The Toll of Treatment: More Than Just Physical Side Effects
   • The Lingering Emotional Struggles of Survivorship
   • The Quiet Burden: Emotional Strain on Caregivers
4. Finding Strength: Coping Mechanisms and Mental Health Strategies
   • Professional Help & Support Resources
   • Self-Care Strategies for Emotional Well-being
5. Conclusion
6. Frequently Asked Questions
7. Where To Find Support
8. References

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The Emotional Impact of a Cancer Diagnosis

Cancer is life-changing. With the first words uttered about a cancer diagnosis comes a wide range of emotions, often referred to as emotional distress. Unlike everyday stress, which is typically easier to manage, this type of distress deeply affects a person’s thoughts and feelings, making it harder to cope. It can persist throughout the cancer treatment and may continue after recovery.

Common Feelings Patients Face

Some of the common feelings of emotional distress among cancer patients include:^3,4

• Being overwhelmed
• Fear and worry
• Stress and anxiety
• Anger
• Guilt
• Sadness
• Hopelessness
• Loneliness or isolation
• Helplessness, or loss of control
• Numbness, or emotional detachment

The Emotional Rollercoaster of the Cancer Journey

As patients move through different stages of their cancer journey, the emotional challenges evolve. From the initial diagnosis to treatment and beyond, each stage brings its own unique set of concerns and emotions that shape the overall experience.

Diagnosis: Facing the News No One Wants to Hear

There is no one word that can describe how someone feels when receiving a cancer diagnosis. It is a life-altering moment. At first, shock or disbelief can overcome a patient, leaving them with a hard time processing the news.⁵ As the diagnosis sinks in, fear and anxiety often set in.⁶ Patients may worry about their future, their treatment and prognosis, whether they will survive, and the burden this diagnosis may mean for their loved ones. These fears can be all-consuming, affecting their ability to focus on anything else.

Become informed about your cancer and the various treatments offered. Gain knowledge through support groups and talk to those who have been through the treatment before.

The Toll of Treatment: More Than Just Physical Side Effects

Cancer treatment can be difficult on a physical and emotional level. Treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery can be invasive and result in physical changes, such as hair loss, weight fluctuations, and fatigue. These changes can impact one’s body image and lead to a loss of identity.⁷ Additionally, these treatments may cause pain, nausea, and persistent fatigue, making daily activities seem overwhelming. Not knowing if the treatment will work, how the body will respond, and what the future holds can be all-consuming, leading to feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and isolation.⁸ For women, some treatments can cause early menopause, further increasing the risk of depression and anxiety.⁹

This distress is a normal reaction to the physical and emotional challenges of treatment and coping with your situation. Many people find support groups helpful, as they provide a space to learn from others and explore strategies that have worked for them. But if the distress continues for weeks or longer, it is advisable to seek professional help.

The Lingering Emotional Struggles of Survivorship

Cancer survivors often face lasting emotional challenges even after treatment ends. Anxiety, survivor’s guilt, and the constant fear of recurrence can make everyday life feel uncertain. This ongoing stress can take a toll on physical health, contributing to issues such as digestive problems, heart disease, and high blood pressure.¹⁰ In some cases, it could lead to more serious mental health disorders such as PTSD.¹¹

During this transitional period, support groups can be a valuable resource for both survivors and their caregivers. They offer a safe space to share experiences, find encouragement, and begin healing.

The Quiet Burden: Emotional Strain on Caregivers

Caregivers often face emotional challenges when supporting a loved one with cancer. As they transition from being a spouse, child, or friend to taking on the role of caregiver, they unexpectedly assume multiple responsibilities, such as nurse, counselor, and advocate. Managing medical appointments, treatments, and daily care can lead to stress, exhaustion, and feelings of helplessness. Many caregivers also struggle with guilt, isolation, and anxiety while trying to balance their own needs with those of the patient.^12,13

As a caregiver, it is important to recognize and find support for your emotional well-being, as this not only helps you to continue providing care but also allows you to prioritize your own health. There are many external sources, such as healthcare providers, support groups, and mental health professionals, that offer support. For caregivers seeking assistance, a list of available resources can be found under Where to Find Support.

Finding Strength: Coping Mechanisms and Mental Health Strategies

Interestingly, despite the emotional distress often associated with a cancer diagnosis and its treatment, many patients display remarkable resilience.^14,15 Research suggests that facing and overcoming cancer can serve as a catalyst for personal growth and improved mental and emotional well-being.^16-18 The use of various coping strategies can help both patients and caregivers maintain their emotional well-being throughout the cancer journey.

Professional Help & Support Resources

🗣️ Therapy options

• Whether in the form of individual counseling, group therapy, or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), therapy can provide a safe space to explore difficult emotions.¹⁹ CBT is particularly effective in helping patients and caregivers reframe negative thoughts and develop healthier coping strategies.²⁰

🤝 Support groups

• Connecting with others who are facing similar experiences can ease feelings of loneliness and provide encouragement. Support groups allow patients and caregivers the opportunity to share stories, advice, and hope with others who have gone through the same journey and understand their feelings. See the bottom of this post for a list of support resources you can access today.

👩‍⚕️ Current medical team

• Doctors and nurses also provide emotional support, not just physical treatment. Open communication with the medical team about how you are feeling can lead to referrals for counseling, medication, or other support services that are already integrated into the treatment plan.

🏥 On-site resources

• Many cancer treatment centers offer access to mental health professionals as part of standard care. These services may include psychologists, social workers, or patient navigators who are trained to manage emotional challenges throughout diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.

Self-Care Strategies for Emotional Well-being

🧘‍♂️ Mindfulness and meditation

• These practices encourage patients and caregivers to focus on the present moment instead of letting future worries consume them. Mindfulness exercises can help calm the mind, improve emotional regulation, and promote a sense of inner peace.^21,22

🏃‍♀️ Physical activity

• Exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood enhancers, and it can also help improve sleep quality, another key factor in mental well-being.^23,24 Even in small doses, physical activity not only boosts mood but also reduces stress.²⁵ Depending on the patient’s condition, activities like walking, yoga, or gentle stretching can be highly beneficial.

🎨 Creative outlets

• Engaging in creative activities such as art, writing, music, or gardening can provide an emotional outlet for patients.^26-28 These forms of self-expression help process emotions and can be incredibly therapeutic. They also serve as a distraction, offering patients and caregivers a break from the stress of treatment.

🌞 Positive mindset

• Cultivating a mindset of hope and positive thinking can make a significant difference._^29-31 While it’s important to acknowledge the challenges, focusing on small wins, like completing a treatment session or having a good day, can help maintain a sense of control and purpose.³²

💗 Take a break

• It’s okay to not be okay. Emotional healing takes time too. This is a challenging time, and there will be days when it feels difficult to engage in any activity, whether mental or physical. Take time for yourself by sitting quietly or going for an easy walk. Breathe deeply.

Conclusion

The mental health challenges of cancer are just as important as the physical ones. By addressing emotional well-being alongside treatment, we can help patients and caregivers better navigate their journey. We hope that the list of coping strategies we have provided will help you along this path.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is it normal to feel depressed or anxious during cancer treatment?
   • Yes. Many patients and caregivers experience depression, anxiety, or fear throughout the cancer journey. These feelings are common—and treatable.
2. How do I know if I need professional mental health support?
   • If emotional distress interferes with your sleep, relationships, appetite, or treatment, or if it persists for more than two weeks, consider reaching out to a therapist or counselor.
3. Can stress or mental health affect my cancer treatment?
   • Yes. Emotional well-being can influence how you respond to treatment, your immune system, and your ability to follow your care plan.
4. What resources are available for caregivers who are struggling?
   • Caregivers can access counseling, support groups, and community services. Supporting your own mental health is vital for your ability to care for others.
5. How can I bring up emotional concerns with my doctor?
   • Start by saying something simple like, “I’ve been feeling overwhelmed lately,” or “I’d like to talk about how I’m coping emotionally.” Your care team can help or refer you to a specialist.
6. Are there support groups for people with cancer-related anxiety or depression?
   • Yes. Many hospitals and nonprofits (including MiraKind partners) offer local or virtual groups tailored to specific types of cancer and emotional concerns.

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Where To Find Support

Support Resources for Cancer Patients, Survivors, and Loved Ones

Navigating life during and after cancer can be overwhelming, but you are not alone. The following organizations offer free support—emotional, practical, financial, and more—to help patients and caregivers through this journey.

American Cancer Society

• Provides free services and resources for cancer patients, survivors, and their families, including emotional support, transportation assistance, lodging, and support groups.
• Helpline available 24/7: 1-800-227-2345
• Pets & Companion Animals: Learn how animals can help with emotional healing, and find resources for caring for your pet during treatment. Information is also available on emotional support and service animals.
• Website: https://www.cancer.org

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

• Offers a wide range of trusted information, research, and programs focused on cancer treatment and survivorship. Includes resources for supportive care for patients and their families.
• Website: https://www.cancer.gov

Cancer Support Community

• Offers emotional and social support for anyone impacted by cancer. Services include online and phone support, educational resources, and virtual communities.
• Toll-free Helpline: 1-888-793-9355
• Website: https://www.cancersupportcommunity.org

CancerCare

• Provides free professional support services such as counseling, support groups, educational workshops, and financial assistance for cancer patients, caregivers, and those who have lost loved ones.
• Website: https://www.cancercare.org

CanCare

• Connects cancer patients and caregivers with trained volunteers who are either cancer survivors or experienced caregivers themselves, providing one-on-one emotional support from someone who understands.
• Website: https://www.cancare.org

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)

• While not cancer-specific, NAMI offers support for individuals facing emotional or mental health challenges, including those triggered by a cancer diagnosis.
• HelpLine: 1-800-950-NAMI (6264) or text “HELPLINE” to 62640
• Website: https://www.nami.org

Triage Cancer

• Offers expert guidance on the legal and financial issues that can arise after a cancer diagnosis, including insurance, employment rights, and managing healthcare costs.
• Website: https://www.triagecancer.org

Disclaimer: This is a non-exhaustive list of support resources. MiraKind does not specifically endorse any one of these organizations over others. We encourage individuals to explore multiple options and choose the resources that best meet their personal needs.

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References